Collar Crimes | Criminology and psychology

White-Collar Crime?

Reportedly coined in 1939, the term white-collar crime is now synonymous with the full range of frauds committed by business and government professionals.

What is considered a white-collar crime?

White-collar crime is generally non-violent in nature and includes public corruption, health care fraud, mortgage fraud, securities fraud, and money laundering, to name a few.

What are the 3 types of white-collar crime?

The FBI, concerned with identifying this type of offense, collects annual statistical information on only three categories: fraud, counterfeiting/forgery, and embezzlement. All other types of white-collar crime are listed in an, "miscellaneous" category.

Why do they call it white-collar crime?

White-collar crimes get their name from the fact that they are usually committed by white-collar workers taking advantage of their position within a company or government agency to extract some financial gain. Some of the most common examples of white-collar crime include: Insider trading. Money laundering.

What is a black collar crime?

Though not officially confirmed in criminology studies, the term “black-collar crime” has been used to refer to priests who commit crimes. Often times, these crimes are subsequently covered by the Church.

What is a green collar crime?

Basically, Green Collar Crime are those crimes which are committed against the Environment and wildlife. Green Collar crimes are designated under the organized criminal activities in the world and comes under the fourth largest areas of crime in the list of structured crimes around the world.

What is red collar crime?

Red collar crime is a subgroup of white collar crime in which the perpetrator uses violence to avoid detection or prosecution.

What is the difference between white-collar and blue collar crimes?

Blue-Collar Crime

Typically, white collar crimes are committed by citizens that are in a “higher” social class, whereas blue-collar crimes are committed by people from a “lower” social class. Some examples of blue collar crimes may include: Drug-related crimes. Armed robbery.

How are white-collar crimes punished?

The penalties for white-collar offenses include fines, home detention, community confinement, paying the cost of prosecution, forfeitures, restitution, supervised release, and imprisonment. Federal Sentencing Guidelines suggest longer prison sentence whenever at least one victim suffered substantial financial harm.

What are the two types of white-collar crimes?

White-collar crime is commonly subdivided into two broad, general categories:

Individual crimes. Individual crimes are financial crimes committed by an individual or a group of individuals. 

Corporate crimes. Some white-collar crime occurs on a corporate level.

How serious is white-collar crime?

Most experts agree that the economic impact of white-collar crime is far more costly than ordinary crime. White-collar crime can endanger employees through unsafe working conditions, injure consumers because of dangerous products, and cause pollution problems for a community.

Who commits white-collar crimes? 

Most are white men with at least some higher education, from middle-class backgrounds. They are in their late 30s to 40s, employed, usually married, with religious and community affiliations. Most have engaged in less serious criminal activity in the past.

What is the fastest growing white-collar crime?

Cybercrime is used in the commission of the white collar crimes of fraud, money laundering, counterfeiting of currency and identity theft. Identity theft is now believed to be the fastest growing white collar crime in the U.S.

What is GREY collar crime?

Gray-Collar Worker – refers to the balance of employed people not classified as white or blue-collar. Although grey-collar is something used to describe those who work beyond the age of retirement. Example: Firefighters, police officers, health care professionals, Security Guards, etc.

What is gray collar crime?

Gray Collar Crimes is a contemporary crime thriller set in the world of identity theft, bank fraud and high finance money laundering. But not pulled off by the already rich and famous, but by a seemingly nondescript but by a very bright and clever young Los Angeles mortgage broker.

What does gold collar mean?

Gold collar workers have traditionally been classified as white collar. These individuals are highly-skilled and in high-demand. Surgeons, engineers, anesthesiologists, lawyers, and airline pilots are all examples of gold collar workers.

What is considered blue-collar crime?

Blue-collar crime is usually a direct act driven by the reaction, e.g. fighting after a poorly executed drug deal, robberies, or shoplifting. The term blue-collar crime originated in the early 1900s as a term to describe American manual laborers.

What are the color collar crimes?

In criminology, blue-collar crime is any crime committed by an individual from a lower social class as opposed to white-collar crime which is associated with crime committed by someone of a higher-level social class.

Who coined the term red collar crime?

Perri and Lichtenwald

The reality is that although many write these crimes off as crimes of passion, the real motive behind these violent and heinous acts is concealment of fraud. Perri and Lichtenwald (2007, p. 18) have begnn to link and examine this type of violent behavior and have coined the term red-collar crime.

What is the meaning of pink-collar?

Definition of pink-collar

relating to, or constituting a class of employees in occupations (such as nursing and clerical jobs) traditionally held by women.

Are farmers blue collar?

Blue-collar worker refers to workers who engage in hard manual labor, typically agriculture, manufacturing, construction, mining, or maintenance.

Is teaching a pink-collar job?

A pink-collar worker is someone working in the care-oriented career field or in fields historically considered to be women's work. This may include jobs in the beauty industry, nursing, social work, teaching, secretarial work, or child care.

Which is worse white-collar crime or street crime?

White-collar crime has the potential to be considerably more severe than street crime. Even though street crime is far more violent than white-collar crime, white-collar crime has a more significant economic impact.

What is the major difference between white-collar crime and street crime?

Street crime is any criminal offense that typically takes place or originates in a public place. White-collar crimes are non-violent crimes committed by business or government professionals for financial gain.

What is the difference between white-collar crime and conventional crime?

This is such a crime that is committed while in the course of one's work or job. In comparison to the conventional crimes, more is lost in a white-collar crime and it, in turn, affects a large number of individuals and reach of the effect is wide too.

Is robbery a white-collar crime?

The typical White Collar crimes that federal and state prosecutors most commonly charge include, but are not limited to the following: Bank Robbery. Bank Fraud and Embezzlement. Bribery.

Is identity theft a white-collar crime?

Identity theft is a white collar crime that is considered a felony offense and thieves face heavy penalties if caught.

How long do you go to jail for white-collar criminals?

Tax evasion: A maximum fine of $100,000 to any individual, and $500,000 if the defendant is a corporation, and/or up to five years in federal prison. Bank fraud: A fine of up to $1,000,000 and/or a prison sentence of up to 30 years. Mail and wire fraud: Both carry a maximum prison sentence of up to 20 years.

Is bribery a white collar crime?

Bribery is a white collar crime in which money, a favor or something else of value is promised to, given to, or taken from an individual or corporation in an attempt to sway his or its views, opinions, or decisions.

What are 2 potential penalties for white collar crimes?

If convicted of a white-collar crime, you may be sentenced to time in county jail, state prison, or federal prison, depending on the severity of the crime and the harm done. In addition, the judge may impose fines and require you to pay restitution to the victim.

Is white-collar crime illegal?

In just a few words, could you explain what exactly white collar crime law entails? White-collar crime law is essentially financial crimes, and this includes bribery, fraud, corruption, insider trading, and money laundering.

Who are the main offenders of white-collar crime?

A considerable percentage of white-collar offenders are gainfully employed middle-aged Caucasian men who usually commit their first white-collar offense sometime between their late thirties through their mid-forties and appear to have middle-class backgrounds.

How many white-collar criminals are there?

There are over 5,000 arrests for white-collar crime for every 100,000 people in the United States. The typical White-collar criminal is a mid 40s male, married, and likely didn't commit their first criminal act until their late 30s.

What is yellow collar job?

Gold collar - Refers to highly-skilled knowledgeable people such as doctors, lawyers, scientists and also young, low wage workers who also get parental support.

What is a green color job?

Environmental green-collar workers (or green jobs) satisfy the demand for green development. Generally, they implement environmentally conscious design, policy, and technology to improve conservation and sustainability.

Is military blue-collar?

Yes, the Army's “blue-collar workers” — privates, corporals, sergeants — defer to its “white-collar workers,” the officers. That happens in corporations, too. But on an Army base you don't send the white-collar kids to good public schools and the blue-collar kids to bad public schools.

What is below blue-collar?

Black Collar – A step beneath blue-collared workers, black-collared workers are either workers who work in dirty manual labor settings (such as oil mining, sanitation, waste processing) or are involved in illegal and criminal work.

What are blue-collar jobs?

The term "blue-collar" refers to a type of employment. Blue-collar jobs are typically classified as involving manual labor and compensation by an hourly wage. Some fields that fall into this category include construction, manufacturing, maintenance, and mining.

What is blue and GREY collar jobs?

Blue and Grey collar workers are those categories of workers who typically take part in manual labor. They engage in different work, such as farming, manufacturing, logistics, construction, repair and maintenance, and retail. They may be doing skilled or unskilled work and are paid hourly or daily wages for their work.

Is teaching blue-collar?

While these people are typically working in an office, they tend to fall a little lower in pay than other white-collar workers. Traditionally, teaching is also classified as a pink-collar job, in fact, one of the best-known pink-collar careers. They can also be considered grey collar workers.

What is static crime?

Static and Continuing Crimes - Static crimes are crimes that are committed only in one place. Continuing crime are crimes that are committed in several places.

What is irrational crime?

Irrational behaviors of individuals include taking offense or becoming angry about a situation that has not yet occurred, expressing emotions exaggeratedly (such as crying hysterically), maintaining unrealistic expectations, engaging in irresponsible conduct such as problem intoxication, disorganization, and falling.